Abstract
It is predicted that colorectal cancer (CRC) will be a major global health concern in 2040, with an estimated 3.2 million new cases. The illness is the result of complex interactions between genetic and epigenetic alterations, such as chromosomal instability and mutations. Colorectal cancer is developed in several stages, with adenomatous precursors taking decades to progress to aggressive stages. Risk factors include eating habits, family history, genetic predisposition, and an inactive lifestyle. Epigenetic modifications have a major impact on immune regulation, chemo resistance, and tumor genesis and progression. Treatment options include targeted medications, chemotherapy, and nutraceuticals and phytochemicals from medicinal plants. Other treatment options such as chemotherapy and targeted therapies are also available. Recent research on the molecular mechanisms linking inflammatory responses to carcinogenesis is summarized in this article.
Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Metastasis, Nutraceuticals, Phytochemicals.