Abstract
Objectives: Evaluation of uterine factors is an essential step in the diagnostic workup of subfertile couple. Intrauterine pathologies can impair implantation and hence reduce the endometrial receptivity. The advantage of hysteroscopy is that it not only allows direct observation and accurate localization of pathology but also provides therapeutic treatment for some pathologies in a single setting. This study aims to evaluate the intra uterine condition of the subfertile couple presenting to our centre using hysteroscopy. Materials and Methods: This was a Prospective descriptive study and sixty three cases of subfertility were enrolled during the study period. Hysteroscopy was scheduled in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. The detailed hysteroscopic findings were noted. Data was entered in Microsoft excel format and appropriate statistical test was applied. Results: Sixty three patients underwent hysteroscopy, among them forty-eight patients (72.2%) had primary subfertility and fifteen patients (23.8%) had secondary subfertility. Thirty-nine (61.9%) patients had normal hysteroscopic findings whereas twenty-four (38.1%) patients showed abnormal hysteroscopic findings. Common abnormal pathologies were stromal oedema1(n=3,54.16%) followed by intrauterine adhesions (n=8,19%).Twenty-two (45.8%) patients with primary subfertility showed abnormal hysteroscopic findings as compared to only two (13.3%) patients of secondary subfertility which was statistically significant (p value= 0.03). Conclusion: Stromal oedema was the most common hysteroscopic finding followed by intrauterine adhesions which could have been missed during routine diagnostic investigations for subfertility workup.
Key words: Hysteroscopy, Intrauterine adhesions, Subfertility, Uterine factors.